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This 2020 report provides an overview of Clean Water Act regulations governing onshore produced water discharge, evaluates several aspects of its oversight, and makes recommendations for both EPA and state regulators to improve protection of water resources and increase transparency.

The following table contains detailed information about oil and gas extraction NPDES permits to discharge wastewater to waters of the U.S. for states in the U.S. where permits were found during a systematic search. It includes general (G) and individual (I) permits.

Note:

When searching for general permits, it was not clear which permits were specific to oil and gas extraction operations; therefore, the numbers available in the table are not conclusive.

For individual permits, an asterisk * was added to states where permits were not found due to procedural deficiencies or lack of

Toxic flame retardant chemicals are no longer needed in home products made with polyurethane foam—but a new report shows that while many companies are making sure their products are free of toxic flame retardants, others are lagging behind.